Quantitative analysis of landscape interventions for microclimate improvement in low-rise residential areas of Tiruchirappalli, India

Rapid urbanization has intensified the urban heat island effect, necessitating climate-responsive landscape interventions. This study assesses the impact of tree canopy cover, surface albedo, green roofs, and green façades on outdoor thermal comfort in low-rise residential areas of Tiruchirappalli, India, a warm and humid region.

Field measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and globe temperature were conducted, and simulations were performed using ENVI-met software and Universal Thermal Climate Index was assessed. Multiple landscape scenarios were tested, with 50% tree canopy and 0.1 albedo pavement emerging as the most effective cooling strategy. The findings provide valuable insights for sustainable urban design.